Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Understanding the Condition
Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, painful skin condition marked by inflamed lumps, abscesses, and tunnels under the skin, commonly in areas with friction.
Causes
- Inflammation of hair follicles
- Genetic predisposition
- Hormonal imbalances
- Immune system dysfunction
Symptoms
- Painful lumps under the skin (armpits, groin, buttocks, under breasts).
- Abscesses or boils that rupture and drain.
- Formation of sinus tracts (tunnel-like scars) under the skin.
Diagnosis
- Based on physical examination of lesions.
- Medical history and symptom patterns are considered.
- Biopsy or cultures to rule out other conditions (if needed).
- USG / MRI may be needed.
Treatment
- Topical and oral antibiotics.
- Anti-inflammatory medications (corticosteroids, biologics like TNF-alpha inhibitors).
- Surgical drainage or removal of sinus tracts in severe cases.
- Lifestyle changes (weight loss, smoking cessation, improved hygiene).
Risk Factors
- Family history of HS.
- Obesity and metabolic syndrome.
- Smoking.
- Hormonal changes (e.g., menstruation).
- Common between ages 20-40.
Importance of Early Detection
Early treatment helps prevent worsening symptoms, reduces chronic pain and scarring, and improves long-term outcomes.